i-United Kingdom

I-United Kingdom yaseGreat Britain neNyakatho ye-Ireland, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-United Kingdom (UK), iyizwe elizimele entshonalanga yeYurophu. I-UK ifaka phakathi isiqhingi saseGreat Britain, ingxenye esenyakatho-mpumalanga yesiqhingi sase-Ireland neziqhingi eziningi ezincane Inhloko-dolobha yase-UK nedolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke yiLondon, idolobha lomhlaba wonke kanye nendawo yezimali enabantu basemadolobheni abayizigidi eziyi-10.3.

Njengoba inendawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angama-242,500, i-UK iyizwe elizimele lama-78th emhlabeni. Amazwe ase-United Kingdom afaka phakathi: i-England, iScotland, iWales, i-Northern Ireland.

Inani labantu

Futhi yizwe elinabantu abaningi kunawo wonke lama-21, elinabantu abalinganiselwa ezigidini ezingama-65.5 ngonyaka we-2016.

Ulimi

Ulimi olusemthethweni lwase-UK yisiNgisi. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ama-95% wabantu base-UK yizikhulumi zesiNgisi ezikhuluma ulimi olulodwa. Abantu abalinganiselwa ku-5.5% balinganiselwa ekubeni bakhulume izilimi ezilethwe e-UK ngenxa yokufuduka kwabantu bakamuva.

I-UK yinkosi yomthethosisekelo enentando yeningi yasephalamende. I-United Kingdom iyizwe elihlangene ngaphansi kobukhosi bomthethosisekelo. INdlovukazi u-Elizabeth II uyinkosi nenhloko yezwe lase-UK, kanye neNdlovukazi yamanye amazwe ayishumi nanhlanu azimele e-Commonwealth.

I-UK inohulumeni wasephalamende osuselwe ohlelweni lwaseWestminster olulingiswe emhlabeni wonke: ifa loMbuso WaseBrithani.

IKhabinethi ngokwesiko idonswe kumalungu eqembu likaNdunankulu noma umfelandawonye futhi ikakhulukazi eNdlu Yamakhosi kepha ihlala ivela kuzo zombili izindlu zomthetho, iKhabhinethi ibhekele kubo bobabili. Amandla okuphatha asetshenziswa ngundunankulu kanye neKhabhinethi, bonke abafungiswe eMkhandlwini WasePrivy wase-United Kingdom, futhi baba ngoNgqongqoshe Bomqhele

I-UK inezinhlelo ezintathu zomthetho ezihlukile: umthetho wamaNgisi, umthetho waseNyakatho ye-Ireland nomthetho weScots.

Funda nalokhu: Ukuqala ibhizinisi e-UK njengowezizwe

I-UK inomnotho wezimakethe olawulwa kancane. Ngokuya ngamanani wokushintshaniswa kwezimakethe, i-UK izwe elithuthukile futhi linomnotho wesihlanu ngobukhulu emhlabeni kanye nomnotho wesishiyagalolunye ngobukhulu ngokuthenga amandla kagesi.

ILondon ingesinye “sezikhungo zemiyalo” ezintathu zomnotho womhlaba (eceleni kweNew York City neTokyo), futhi iyisikhungo sezimali esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni - eceleni kweNew York - esiziqhenya ngeGDP yedolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke eYurophu. Umkhakha wezinsizakalo zase-UK wenza cishe i-73% ye-GDP ngenkathi ezokuvakasha zibaluleke kakhulu emnothweni waseBrithani, kanti i-United Kingdom ibalwa njengendawo yesithupha yokuvakasha emhlabeni, kanti iLondon inezivakashi zomhlaba wonke kunanoma yiliphi idolobha emhlabeni jikelele.

Imali

I-British Pound (GBP; £)

Ukulawulwa Kokushintshaniswa

Azikho izilawuli zokushintshanisa ezivimbela ukudluliswa kwezimali zingene noma ziphume e-UK, yize noma ngubani ophethe imali elinganiselwa ku- € 10,000 noma ngaphezulu lapho engena e-UK kumele akusho.

Imboni yezinsizakalo zezezimali

IDolobha laseLondon lingesinye sezikhungo zezimali ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. ICanary Wharf ingesinye sezikhungo ezimbili zezezimali zase-UK kanye neDolobha laseLondon.

IBhange LaseNgilandi yibhange elikhulu lase-UK futhi libhekele ukukhipha amanothi nezinhlamvu zemali ngemali yesizwe, iphawundi elivelele. Ipound sterling yimali ebekiwe yesithathu ngobukhulu emhlabeni (ngemuva kweDola laseMelika kanye ne-Euro).

Umkhakha wezinsizakalo zase-UK wenza cishe i-73% ye-GDP ngenkathi ezokuvakasha, ezezimali zibaluleke kakhulu emnothweni waseBrithani, ne-United Kingdom ibalwa njengendawo yesithupha yokuvakasha emhlabeni, kuyilapho iLondon inezivakashi zomhlaba wonke kunanoma yiliphi idolobha emhlabeni jikelele.

Funda kabanzi: I- akhawunti yomthengisi e-UK

Izinkampani zase-UK zilawulwa ngaphansi koMthetho Wezinkampani 2006. I-UK Companies House yisiphathimandla esiphethe. Uhlelo lwezomthetho ngumthetho ojwayelekile.Izinkampani ze-UK yizinkampani ezilula kakhulu futhi ezivumelana nezimo ukufaka ngaphakathi kwe-European Union futhi ukuvakashela e-UK akudingeki ukuthi kufakwe inkampani yakho.

Uhlobo lweNkampani / Inkampani e-UK

I-IBC eyodwa inikezela ngezinsizakalo One IBC kwe-United Kingdom ngohlobo lwe-Private Limited, Public Limited kanye ne-LLP (Limited Liability Partnership).

Ukuvinjelwa Kwebhizinisi

Izinkampani zase-UK Private Limited azikwazi ukwenza ibhizinisi lokubhanga, umshuwalense, izinsizakalo zezezimali, isikweletu sabathengi, nezinsizakalo ezifanayo noma ezihlobene.

Ukuvinjelwa Kwegama Lenkampani

Inkampani akufanele ibhaliswe ngaphansi kwalo Mthetho ngegama uma, ngokubona kukaNobhala Wezwe (a) ukusetshenziswa kwayo yinkampani kungaba yicala, noma (b) kuyicasula.

Igama lenkampani enomkhawulo okuyinkampani yomphakathi kufanele ligcine ngo- “inkampani yomphakathi enomkhawulo” noma “plc”.

Igama lenkampani enomkhawulo okuyinkampani ezimele kumele ligcine ngo- “limited” noma “ltd.”

Amagama anqunyelwe afaka phakathi lawo aphakamisa ukuphathwa kweRoyal Family noma okusho ukuhlangana noHulumeni Omaphakathi noma Wendawo wase-United Kingdom. Eminye imikhawulo ibekwa kumagama afanayo noma afana kakhulu nenkampani ekhona noma elinye igama elingathathwa njengelicasulayo noma eliphakamisa isenzo sobugebengu. Amagama alandelayo noma okuphuma kwawo kudinga ilayisense noma okunye ukugunyazwa nguhulumeni: “isiqinisekiso”, “ibhange”, “umusa”, “ukwakha umphakathi”, “Chamber of Commerce”, “ukuphathwa kwesikhwama”, “umshwalense”, “isikhwama sokutshala imali” , “Loan”, “municipal”, “reinsurance”, “savings”, “trust”, “trustee”, “university”, noma okufana nolimi lwangaphandle lapho kudingeka khona ukuvunyelwa nguNobhala Wombuso kuqala.

Ubumfihlo Benkampani Ulwazi

Izinhlangano zase-UK kufanele zilindele ukuthi eminye imininingwane yezinkampani izotholakala emphakathini.

Ngoba izikhulu ezimbili eziqokiwe, umqondisi omkhulu kanye nonobhala kumele baqokwe yinhlangano yase-UK futhi babhekwe njengabanenkinga yezici ezithile zenhlangano, imininingwane yabo yenziwa ibe semphakathini.

Ama-akhawunti wenhlangano nawo kufanele afayilishwe futhi angenziwa atholakale ngumphakathi.

Kunikezwa izinyathelo ezilula ezi-4 ukufaka inkampani e-UK:

• Isinyathelo 1: Khetha imininingwane eyisisekelo yokuhlala komhlali / umsunguli kanye nezinye izinsizakalo ezingeziwe ozifunayo (uma zikhona).

• Isinyathelo 2: Bhalisa noma ungene ngemvume bese ugcwalisa amagama ezinkampani kanye nomqondisi / abaninimasheya bese ugcwalisa ikheli lokukhokha kanye nesicelo esikhethekile (uma sikhona).

• Isinyathelo 3: Khetha indlela yakho yokukhokha (Samukela ukukhokha ngeKhadi Lesikweletu / Lokukhokha, i-PayPal noma i-Wire Transfer).

• Isinyathelo 4: Uzothola amakhophi athambile amadokhumenti afanele afaka phakathi: Isitifiketi Sokuhlanganiswa, Ukubhaliswa Kwebhizinisi, Imemorandamu Nezindatshana Zenhlangano, njll. Ngemuva kwalokho, inkampani yakho entsha e-UK isilungele ukwenza ibhizinisi. Ungaletha amadokhumende asenkampanini yenkampani ukuvula i-akhawunti yasebhange yezinkampani noma singakusiza ngolwazi lwethu olude lwensizakalo yokusekela iBhange.

* Le mibhalo idingeka ukufaka inkampani e-UK:

• Iphasiphothi yomnikazi wamasheya / umnikazi onenzuzo nomqondisi ngamunye;

• Ubufakazi bekheli lokuhlala lomqondisi ngamunye kanye nomninimasheya (Kumele kube ngesiNgisi noma inguqulo eqinisekisiwe yokuhumusha);

• Amagama enkampani ahlongozwayo;

• Imali ekhishwe ngamasheya nenani elilinganiselwe lamasheya.

Yabelana ngemali enkulu

Inkampani ayikwazi ukwakhiwa njengenkampani, noma ibe yinkampani enqunyelwe isiqinisekiso esinemali eyabiwayo. "Inani eliphansi eligunyaziwe", maqondana nenani eliphansi lenhlokodolobha eyabiwe yenkampani yomphakathi yi- (a) £ 50,000, noma (b) okulingana ne-Euro okunqunyiwe.

Yabelana

Amasheya angakhishwa ngenani elilinganiselwe kuphela. Amasheya athengayo awavunyelwe.

Umqondisi

Inkampani yangasese kufanele okungenani ibe nomqondisi oyedwa Inkampani yomphakathi kumele okungenani ibe nabaqondisi ababili.

Inkampani kufanele okungenani ibe nomqondisi oyedwa ongumuntu wemvelo. Umuntu angeke aqokwe njengomqondisi wenkampani ngaphandle kokuthi abe neminyaka eyi-16.

Funda kabanzi: Izinsizakalo zomqondisi ophakanyisiwe wase-UK

Umninimasheya

Abaninimasheya benkampani yase-United Kingdom bangaba izinkampani noma abantu ngabanye.

Uma inkampani enomkhawulo yakhiwa ngaphansi kweCompanies Act 2006 enelungu elilodwa kuphela okuzofakwa kwirejista yamalungu yenkampani, enegama nekheli lelungu elilodwa, isitatimende sokuthi inkampani inelungu elilodwa kuphela.

Amagama abaqondisi nabaninimasheya afakwa kubhaliso lwezinkampani.

Intela

Kusukela ngomhlaka 1 Ephreli 2015 kunesilinganiso esisodwa seNkampani Sentela esingu-20% enzuzweni kocingo olungangeni. NgeSabelomali sasehlobo 2015, uhulumeni umemezele umthetho obeka inani eliphakeme leNtela yeNhlangano (yazo zonke izinzuzo ngaphandle kwenzuzo yocingo lwendandatho) libe ngu-19% eminyakeni eqala ngomhlaka 1 Ephreli 2017, 2018 nango-2019 naku-18% ngonyaka oqala ngomhlaka 1 Ephreli 2020 Esabelweni sezimali sowezi-2016, uhulumeni umemezele ukwehliswa okuthe xaxa kumanani entela yenhlangano (kuyo yonke inzuzo ngaphandle kwenzuzo yocingo lwendandatho) yonyaka oqala ngomhla ka-1 Ephreli 2020, wabeka izinga ku-17%.

Isitatimende semali

Izinhlangano kufanele zigcine amarekhodi ezimali ezinkampani futhi zithumele ama-akhawunti ukuze zihlolwe ngumphakathi. Izinhlangano zase-UK kudingeka ukuthi zifake amafomu entela minyaka yonke futhi zigcine amarekhodi waminyaka yonke wentela nawezimali uma kwenzeka kucwaningwa amabhuku.

Umenzeli Wendawo

Izinhlangano zase-UK kumele zibe ne-ejenti ebhalisiwe yendawo nekheli lehhovisi lendawo. Leli kheli lizosetshenziselwa inqubo yokusebenza kwezicelo kanye nezaziso ezisemthethweni.

Izivumelwano Ezimbili Zentela

I-United Kingdom ihlanganyele ezivumelwaneni zentela eziphindwe kabili ukwedlula noma imuphi omunye umbuso ozimele.

Ilayisense Yebhizinisi

Inhloso yeNkampani ukwenza noma yisiphi isenzo noma umsebenzi ongavunyelwe ngaphansi kwanoma yimuphi umthetho. Ayikho imikhawulo yokwenza ibhizinisi ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle kwe-UK yizinkampani zase-UK.

Isikhathi sokukhokha, sokubuyiselwa kwenkampani

Inkampani yakho noma inhlangano kufanele ifayele i-Company Tax Return uma uthola 'isaziso sokuletha i-Company Tax Return' evela ku-HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). Kusamele uthumele imbuyiselo uma wenza ukulahleka noma ungenayo iNkampani Yentela okufanele uyikhokhe.

Isikhathi esinqunyelwe ukubuyiswa kwakho kwentela izinyanga eziyi-12 ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi sokubalwa kwemali esikufakayo. Kuzofanele ukhokhe inhlawulo uma uphuthelwa yisikhathi esinqunyiwe.

Kunomnqamulajuqu ohlukile wokukhokha isikweletu sakho seNkampani. Imvamisa kuyizinyanga eziyi-9 nangosuku olulodwa ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi sokubalwa kwemali.

Inhlawulo

Kuzofanele ukhokhe izinhlawulo uma ungafaki i-Company Tax Return yakho ngesikhathi esinqunyiwe.

Uma ukubuyiselwa kwakho kwentela sekwephuze ngezinyanga eziyi-6, i-HMRC izokubhalela ikutshele ukuthi ingakanani Imali Yentela Abacabanga ukuthi uyikhokha. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'ukuzimisela kwentela'. Awukwazi ukufaka isikhalazo ngokumelene nayo.

Kufanele ukhokhe intela yenhlangano futhi kufanele uthumele ifomu lakho lentela. I-HMRC izobala kabusha inzalo nezinhlawulo okudingeka uzikhokhe.