Siwizarendi

Switzerland inyika ine makomo yeCentral Europe, inogara kumakungwa mazhinji, misha uye nhongonya dzakakwirira dzeAlps. Nyika iri muWestern-Central Europe.

Switzerland, zviri pamutemo iyo Swiss Confederation, inyika yemubatanidzwa muEurope. Inosanganisira makumi matanhatu nematanhatu, uye guta reBern ndicho chigaro chevakuru vehurumende.

Iyo yakazara nzvimbo yeSwitzerland ndeye 41, 285 km2

Vagari

Vagari vemuSwitzerland vanosvika vanhu vanopfuura mamirioni masere vakatarisana zvakanyanya pabani, panowanikwa maguta akakurisa: pakati pawo maguta maviri epasirese nenzvimbo dzehupfumi Zürich neGeneva.

Mutauro

Switzerland ine mitauro mina yepamutemo: kunyanya chiGerman (63.5% huwandu hwevagari) munzvimbo yekumabvazuva, kuchamhembe nepakati peGerman nharaunda (Deutschschweiz); French (22.5%) kumadokero kweFrance chikamu (la Romandie); ChiItaly (8.1%) munzvimbo yekumaodzanyemba kweItaly (Svizzera italiana); uye chiRomansh (0.5%) kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kwetatu mitauro yekona yeGraubünden.

Hurumende yemubatanidzwa inosungirwa kutaurirana mumitauro yepamutemo, uye muparamende yemubatanidzwa shanduro imwechete inopihwa kubva nekuGerman, French, neItaly.

Switzerland ine nyika yemubatanidzwa uye makumi maviri nematanhatu macanton, inhengo dzenyika dzemubatanidzwa. Zvematongerwo enyika uye zvehutariri mabasa akapatsanurwa pakati pefederal, cantonal uye matunhu emazinga ehurumende Canton yega yega ine bumbiro rayo, kodhi yehurongwa hwevanhu uye kamuri reparamende.

Kune matatu makuru makuru anotonga padanho remubatanidzwa: bicameral paramende (zvemitemo), Federal Council (Executive) uye Federal Court (matare).

Federal masimba emutemo akapiwa muFederal Council uye makamuri maviri eFederal Assembly yeSwitzerland neSwitzerland vanova nharaunda yakasimba uye inovimbika yezvematongerwo enyika.

Iri pakati peEurope, Switzerland ine hukama hwehukama hwepedyo neEU uye inowanzoenderana nemaitiro ehupfumi eEU, kunyangwe isiri iyo nhengo yeEU. Switzerland inhengo yeOECD, World Trade Organisation (WTO) uye European Free Trade Association. Iyo ine chibvumirano chemahara chekutengeserana neEU.

Switzerland ndeimwe yenyika dzakasimukira kwazvo pasirese. Switzerland inomira padyo kana padyo nepasirese pasirese mumametric akati wandei ekuita kwenyika, kusanganisira pachena hurumende, rusununguko rwevanhu, hupenyu hwehupenyu, kukwikwidza kwehupfumi, nekusimudzira kwevanhu.

Mari

Swiss franc (CHF)

Kuchinja Kudzora

Switzerland haina zvekune dzimwe nyika zvinodzora.

Iko hakuna mutsauko pakati peanogara uye asiri eakaundi maakaundi, uye hapana parinogumira pakukwereta kubva kunze kwenyika. Saizvozvowo, kukwereta kwemuno nemakambani anotarisirwa kunze kwenyika kubva kumabhangi nemakambani anoenderana (kana asina hukama) anotenderwa mahara.

Zvemari mabasa indasitiri

Iyo Swiss banking system inoramba iri pakati pesimba kwazvo pasirese, inowedzerwa nekuenderera mberi kwekuedza kugadzirisa mamiriro emusika uye nemari - iyo Swiss franc - iyo inowanzo ramba yakagadzikana.

MaSwitzerland mabhangi anoitisa yavo vega kukweretesa maitiro, ayo anoongororwa neSwiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA).

Switzerland yakazvipira kushandura otomatiki kuchinjisa kwemari account account maererano neOECD's Common Reporting Standard (CRS).

Zurich inzvimbo yepamusoro yezvemari muSwitzerland, uye Geneva ndiyo imwe yenzvimbo dzakakosha pasi rese kubhengi yakazvimirira.

Verenga zvimwe:

• Swiss offshore bank account
• Nhoroondo yevatengesi Switzerland

Mhando yeKambani / Corporation muSwitzerland

Isu tinopa Switzerland Incorporation Services ine mhando Yakatemerwa Dhizimusi Kambani (GmbH).

Kurambidzwa Kwebhizinesi

Makambani ese anotengesa muSwitzerland anofanirwa kunyoreswa muRejista yeCommerce yedunhu uko hofisi yavo yakanyoreswa kana nzvimbo yebhizinesi iri. MuSwitzerland, masangano emabhizinesi anotongwa neMutemo Federal, yakanyorwa mu "Code des Obligations" uye, kunze kwekunge yakapihwa marezenisi, kambani inosanganisirwa muSwitzerland haigone kuita bhizinesi rekubhengi, inishuwarenzi, vimbiso, reinsurance, manejimendi manejimendi, zvirongwa zvekudyara pamwe. , kana chero chimwe chiitiko chingaratidza kusangana nemabhangi kana maindasitiri emari.

Kambani Zita Rirambidzo

Zita rekambani rinofanira kupera neGmbH kana Ltd liab.Co. Tichaongorora kuwanikwa kwezita rako rekambani rakatsanangurwa. Swiss kambani mazita haafanire kufanana chero rimwe zita rekambani rakanyoreswa neSwiss Federal Commerce Registry.

Ruzivo Rwekambani zvakavanzika

Pamusoro pekubatanidza director uye masheya marejista anofanirwa kuiswa kuCommerce Registry, asi haawanikwe kuti riongororwe neruzhinji. Uyezve, marejista aya haafanire kuchengetwa achienderana nechinoshandurwa chinotevera kune vatungamiriri vekambani kana marejista.

Yese GmbH inoda kuburitsa pachena varidzi vayo.

Ingo matanho mana akareruka anopihwa Kupinza Kambani muSwitzerland:

• Nhanho 1: Sarudza yakakosha Resident / Muvambi werudzi ruzivo uye mamwe mabasa ekuwedzera aunoda (kana paine).
• Nhanho 2: Nyoresa kana kupinda uye zadza mazita emakambani uye director / shareholder (s) uye zadza kero yekubhadhara uye chikumbiro chakakosha (kana chiripo).
• Nhanho 3: Sarudza yako yekubhadhara nzira (Isu tinogamuchira kubhadharwa neKiredhiti / Dhibhadhi Kadhi, PayPal kana Wire Tumira).
• Nhanho 4: Iwe unozogamuchira akapfava makopi emadhipatimendi anodiwa anosanganisira: Chitupa cheInorporation, Bhizinesi Kunyoresa, Memorandamu uye Zvinyorwa zveSangano, nezvimwewo. Ipapo, kambani yako nyowani muSwitzerland yakagadzirira kuita bhizinesi. Unogona kuunza zvinyorwa mukiti kit kuvhura account yemabhangi kana isu tinogona kukubatsira neruzivo rwedu rurefu rwekutsigira Banking sevhisi.

* Aya magwaro anodikanwa kuti apinze kambani muSwitzerland:

• Pasipoti yemugove wega wega / muridzi anobatsira uye director;
• Uchapupu hwekero yekugara yemumwe director uye mugovani (Inofanira kunge iri muChirungu kana vhezheni yeshanduro yakasimbiswa);
• Iyo yakasarudzika kambani mazita;
• Iyo yakapihwa share capital uye chikamu kukosha kwezvikamu.

Verenga zvimwe:

• Nyoresa kambani muSwitzerland
• Mari yekunyoresa kambani muSwitzerland

Guta guru

Iwo mashoma masheya emari yekambani ine chikwereti chakashomeka uye shoma yakabhadharwa (GmbH) ndeye CHF 20,000. Zita remazita ezvikamu ndeye CHF 100 shoma.

Goverana

Nezvakajairwa zvikamu. Mutakuri zvikamu hazvibvumirwe.

Mutungamiriri

Minimum mumwe we director anofanira kunge achigara muSwitzerland. Iyo kambani inofanirwa kugadza angangoita mumwe wevatungamiriri anofanirwa kuve neMunharaunda director angave anogara muSwitzerland, kana ari weSwitzerland nyika.

Kana iwe usingakwanise kupa Local Director kubva kudivi rako, Tinogona kushandisa sevhisi yedu kugutsa ichi chepamutemo chinodiwa nehurumende.

Mumiririri

Anenge mumwe mugove. Iko hakuna zvirambidzo zvine chekuita nehunhu kana iko kugara kwevanogovana.

Anobatsira Muridzi

Chirevo Chemuridzi cheMuridzi pamuridzi wega anobatsira chinofanira kupihwa kuti chiiswe muSwitzerland.

Mutero

Switzerland inonakidzwa zvikuru nemitero - inoshanda, asi ine mbiri inobata hutongi kambani, yakakwana kune epasirese mota mota uye IP inobata makambani.

Ine sisitimu inokwezva yemutero, makambani eSwitzerland anowanzo shandiswa uye zvakare mucherechedzo wekuremekedzwa. Iyo Swiss mutero system yakaumbwa neiyo nyika federal mamiriro. Makambani uye vanhu vanobvisirwa mutero pamatanho matatu akasiyana muSwitzerland:

• chikamu chenyika (federal tax)
• cantonal level (cantonal mutero)
• huwandu hwevanhu (mutero wemunharaunda)

Mutero wemubatanidzwa unobhadhariswa padanho remubatanidzwa pachiyero chakadzika che8.5% pane purofiti mushure memutero. Mutero wemubhadharo wemubatanidzwa unobvisirwa mutero uye unodzikisira iwo mutero unoshanda, zvichikonzera mwero wemutero pane purofiti pamberi pemutero we7.8%. Hapana mutero wekambani unobhadhariswa mutero.

Makambani asiri evagari vanoiswa mutero wekambani pamari inowanikwa muSwitzerland kana

• i) ivo vanobatana mubhizinesi reSwitzerland
• ii) vane zvigaro zvechigarire kana matavi muSwitzerland
• iii) muridzi wepfuma yemuno.

Chirevo chemari

Kazhinji, makambani akavezwa muSwitzerland haafanire kufaira zvirevo zvemari zvegore. Kunze kweizvi ndekedzimwe mhando dzekambani, senge mabhangi, masangano emari, makambani anotengeswa neruzhinji. Kune makambani aya zvirevo zvemari zvinofanirwa kuiswa mukati memwedzi mitanhatu zvichitevera kupera kwenguva yekuzivisa.

Yemunharaunda Mumiriri

Kambani yako inoda kuve nemunyori wekambani uye haidiwe zvemuno kana inokodzera, asi taura zvemuno.

Zvibvumirano zveMitero zvakapetwa

Switzerland yakasaina Zvibvumirano zveMitero zvakapetwa makumi mashanu nematatu zvinoenderana nematanho epasi rose, ayo makumi mana neshanu ari kushanda, uye gumi Zvibvumirano zveRuzivo rweMitero, izvo zvinomwe zviri kushanda kubva munaNovember 2015.

Rezinesi Fee & Levy

Mupiro wemari muSwiss yekugara mubatanidzwa iri pasi peSwitzerland kuburitsa chitambi basa re1% pamari yakapihwa inodarika CHF 1 mamirioni ezita rekugovana mari (mitero yakasiyanasiyana inoshanda, senge mune yekugadzirisa, kana mupiro wekutora chikamu. kana bhizinesi kana bhizinesi chikamu), uye kune zita rezita rezvokutengeserana rejista / retiary.

Verenga zvimwe: Swiss trademark kunyoresa

Kubhadhara, Kambani kudzoka zuva Zuva

Gore remutero kazhinji igore rekarenda, kunze kwekunge kambani ikashandisa rakasiyana gore remari. Federal uye cantonal / yemunharaunda mutero wemari inoongororwa gore rega rega pamari yegore razvino.

Iko kune yakasanganiswa mutero yekudzosera kufaira kune ese federal uye cantonal / yemunharaunda mari yemitero. Maitiro ekuzviongorora anoshanda. Federal mari yemutero inofanirwa kubhadharwa na31 Kurume wegore rinotevera gore remutero; iyo nguva yakatarwa yekubhadharwa kwekantonal / yemunharaunda mutero wemari inosiyana mumakandoni.

Makambani anofanirwa kupa maakaundi eazvino uye apfuura gore remari kumusangano mukuru wevashandi vemasheya. Makambani akanyorwa pamusika wekutengesa kana nenyaya dzakasarudzika dzemabond dzinofanirwa kushambadza maakaunzi egore negore uye akasimbiswa anotenderwa nemusangano wepagore uye mushumo wevaongorori muSwitzerland Commercial Gazette, kana vanofanirwa kupa ruzivo rwakadai pakukumbira.

Swiss anogara akasimba anofanirwa kuona kuti musangano wepagore (AGM) unoitwa mukati memwedzi mitanhatu yekupera kwegore;

MaSwitzerland anogara mafemu anofanirwa kubhadhara mitero yemubhadharo kune vekunze vashandi vasina pekugara zvachose munyika.