Liechtenstein

Liechtenstein inoganhurana neSwitzerland kumadokero nekumaodzanyemba uye Austria kumabvazuva nekuchamhembe. Iine nharaunda inopfuura anopfuura 160 mativi emakiromita (62 maira mamaira), yechina kudiki muEurope. Yakakamurwa kuva gumi nanaguru, guta rayo reVaduz, uye dunhu rayo hombe iSchaan.

Vagari:

Huwandu hwazvino hweLiechtenstein i38,146 kubva neMuvhuro, Chikumi 18, 2018, zvichibva pafungidziro dzekupedzisira dzeUnited Nations.

Mutauro:

ChiGerman 94.5% (yepamutemo) (Alemannic ndiyo inonyanya kutaurwa), Italian 1.1%, imwe 4.3%

Liechtenstein ane bumbiro remitemo semusoro weHurumende, uye paramende yakasarudzwa inogadza mutemo. Iyo zvakare yakasununguka demokarasi, uko vavhoti vanogona kutsanangura nekugadza bumbiro remitemo nemitemo yakazvimiririra padare reparamende.

Kunyangwe ihwo hushoma hushoma uye kushomeka kwezviwanikwa, Liechtenstein yakagadzira kuva yakabudirira, ine hupfumi hwakawanda, bhizinesi remahara bhizimusi riine chikamu chakakosha chezvemari uye imwe yepamusoro-soro yemari inowanikwa pasi rose. Hupfumi hweLiechtenstein hwakasiyana-siyana nehuwandu huwandu hwemabhizimusi madiki nepakati, kunyanya mubazi rezve masevhisi.

Mari:

Swiss franc (CHF)

Shanduko Yekuchinjana:

Hapana zvirambidzo zvinoiswa kunze kana kuendesa kunze kwenyika

Zvemari mabasa indasitiri

Hukuru hweLiechtenstein musha kune yakasarudzika, yakagadzikana nzvimbo yezvemari ine hukama hwakasimba hwepasirese. Chikamu chezvemari chikamu chechipiri chete muhukuru kune chikamu cheindasitiri. Bhengi rekutanga reLiechtenstein rakavambwa muna 1861. Kubva ipapo chikamu chezvemari chakakura kuita chikamu chakakosha muhupfumi hwenyika uye nhasi chinoshandisa dzinosvika 16% yevashandi venyika.

Vashandi vezvemari vanowanikwa muLiechtenstein vanofarira kodzero yekupa masevhisi munyika dzese dzeEuropean Union (EU) uye iyo EEA. Zvakare, tsika dzepedyo nehukama neSwitzerland yakavakidzana, mubatanidzwa wetsika neSwitzerland neSwitzerland franc semari yepamutemo muLiechtenstein zvinopa makambani mukana wekuwana musika weSwitzerland zvakare. Liechtenstein yakazvipira kumatanho eOECD pakujekesa uye kuchinjanisa ruzivo uye ine nzira inoshanda yekurwisa kubiridzira mari uye mari yehugandanga. Iwo anozivikanwa epasi rose Financial Market Authority Liechtenstein anoona nezve kuongorora indasitiri yezvemari yenyika.

Mabhangi anogona kuve nesimba rakakura mukati mekambani yezvemari, asi Liechtenstein inokwezva uye inozivikanwa pakati pemamwe marudzi emakambani akadai seinishuwarenzi, mamaneja easset, mari uye matrust.

Verenga zvimwe:

• Liechtenstein offshore bank account
• Liechtenstein mutengesi account

Mitemo mikuru inotonga zviitiko zvekutengesa muLiechtenstein ndiyo Liechtenstein Kambani Mutemo uye iyo Liechtenstein Foundation Mutemo. Iyo Kambani Mutemo weLiechtenstein yakagamuchirwa mu1992 uye iine zvirevo maererano nemafomu epamutemo emabhizinesi. Nheyo idzi dzaidzorwawo nemutemo uyu kusvika muna 2008, pakatemwa mumwe mutemo (New Liechtenstein Foundation Law).

Zvinoenderana neMutemo Kambani, mubatanidzwa wese wevanhu unowana chinzvimbo chepamutemo mushure mekunyorwa muPublic Registry. Kunyoreswa kwekambani muLiechtenstein hakusi kwekumanikidza kwemasangano asingaite zviitiko zvehupfumi. Chero shanduko mune chinzvimbo chekambani inofanirwa kuendeswa kuPublic Registry.

Rudzi rweKambani / Corporation:

One IBC Limited inopa Incorporation sevhisi muLiechtenstein ine mhando AG (kambani inoganhurirwa nezvikamu) uye Anstalt (Chigadziro, bhizimusi kana isiri-yekutengesa, isina masheya).

Kudzivirirwa kweBhizinesi:

Liechtenstein Corporate body kana trust haigone kuita bhizinesi rekubhengi, inishuwarenzi, vimbiso, reinshurensi, manejimendi manejimendi, zvirongwa zvekudyara pamwe chete kana chimwe chiitiko chingaratidza kusangana nevemaBanking kana maindasitiri eMari, kunze kwekunge rezinesi rakakosha rawanikwa.

Kambani Zita Rirambidzo:

• Iri zita rinogona kunge riri mune chero mutauro unoshandisa mavara echiLatin, asi Public Registry ingangoda shanduro yechiGerman.
• Zita rakafanana kana rakafanana nezita riripo harigamuchirwe.
• Zita hombe rinozivikanwa kuvepo kumwe kunhu haigamuchirwe.
• Zita rinogona kureva hutongi hwehurumende harigone kushandiswa.
• Zita iro mumaonero aRegistrar rinogona kutorwa serisingadiwe haritenderwe.
• Aya anotevera mazita kana zvavanotora zvinoda kubvumidzwa kana rezinesi: Bank, Building Society, Savings, Inishuwarenzi, Assurance, Reinsurance, Fund Management, Investment Fund, Liechtenstein, State, Country, Municipality, Principality, Red Cross.
• Zita racho rinofanira kupera nechimwe chezvimisikidzo zvinotevera zvinoratidza chikwereti chakaganhurirwa: Aktiengesellschaft kana AG; Gesellschaft mit beschrankter Haftung kana GmbH; Anstalt kana Est.

• Nhanho 1: Sarudza yakakosha Resident / Muvambi werudzi ruzivo uye mamwe mabasa ekuwedzera aunoda (kana paine).
• Nhanho 2: Nyoresa kana kupinda uye zadza mazita emakambani uye director / shareholder (s) uye zadza kero yekubhadhara uye chikumbiro chakakosha (kana chiripo).
• Nhanho 3: Sarudza yako yekubhadhara nzira (Isu tinogamuchira kubhadharwa neKiredhiti / Dhibhadhi Kadhi, PayPal kana Wire Tumira).
• Nhanho 4: Iwe unozogamuchira akapfava makopi emadhipatimendi anodiwa anosanganisira: Chitupa cheInorporation, Bhizinesi Kunyoresa, Memorandamu uye Zvinyorwa zveSangano, nezvimwewo. Ipapo, kambani yako nyowani muLiechtenstein yakagadzirira kuita bhizinesi. Unogona kuunza zvinyorwa mukiti kit kuvhura account yemabhangi kana isu tinogona kukubatsira neruzivo rwedu rurefu rwekutsigira Banking sevhisi.

• Pasipoti yemugove wega wega / muridzi anobatsira uye director;
• Uchapupu hwekero yekugara yemumwe director uye mugovani (Inofanira kunge iri muChirungu kana vhezheni yeshanduro yakasimbiswa);
• Iyo yakasarudzika kambani mazita;
• Iyo yakapihwa share capital uye chikamu kukosha kwezvikamu.

Verenga zvimwe:

• Liechtenstein kambani kunyoresa
• Kugadzira kambani muLiechtenstein

Guta guru:

Mari yepasi pekutanga inosvika CHF 30,000 (neimwe nzira EUR 30,000 kana USD 30,000). Kana iro guta rakakamurwa kuita zvikamu, hushoma mari inosvika ku CHF 50,000 (neimwe nzira EUR 50,000 kana USD 50,000). Iyo capital - iyo inonzi Establishment fund - inogona zvakare kunge izere kana chikamu kubhadharwa mukati semipiro yerudzi. Mipiro iri mhando inofanirwa kukosheswa nenyanzvi pamberi pechipo chavo. Mari yekumisikidzwa inogona kuwedzerwa chero nguva.

Mugove

MuLiechtenstein, masheya anogona kupihwa mumhando dzakasiyana uye kupatsanurwa uye anogona kusanganisira: Non Par Value, kuvhota, Kunyoreswa kana Mutakuri fomu.

Mutungamiriri:

Iyo shoma nhamba yevatungamiriri yeAktiengesellschaft (AG), GmbH uye Anstalt ndeimwe. Iwo madhairekitori anogona kunge ari vanhu chaivo kana miviri yemakambani. Liechtenstein Stiftung haina bhodhi revatungamiriri, asi inogadza Foundation Council. Iwo madhairekitori (nhengo dzekanzuru) vanogona kunge vari vanhu chaivo kana miviri yemakambani. Ivo vanogona kuve ve chero nyika, asi angangoita director (nhengo yedare) anofanirwa kuve munhu chaiye, mugari weLiechtenstein uye anokwanisa kuita akamirira kambani.

Mumiririri:

Mugovera mumwechete chete wechero nyika inodiwa.

Liechtenstein yemutero wemutero:

• Aktiengesellschaft (AG) inobhadhara 4% coupon mutero pazvikamu uye mutero wegore negore we0.1% pamutengo wemutero wekambani. Mari yepagore ndeye CHF 1,000.
• Anstalt yekutengesa kana isiri yekutengesa, chero hazvo guta risina kuganhurwa, haribhadhare mutero weponi asi rinobhadhara mutero wegore negore we0.1% pamutengo wemutero wekambani. Mari yepagore ndeye CHF 1,000.
• Stiftung, ingave yakanyoreswa kana kuiswa, haibhadhare mutero weponi, asi inofanirwa kubhadhara mutero wegore negore we0.1% pamutengo wemutengo wekambani. Mari yepagore ndeye CHF 1,000.
• Trasti inobhadhara yakaderera yegore mutero weCHF 1,000 kana 0.1% pane iyo mambure aseti kukosha

Chirevo chemari:

• Aktiengesellschaft (AG) kana GmbH inofanirwa kuendesa gwaro rezvemari rakaongororwa kumutariri wemitero weLiechtenstein kuti aongororwe.
• Anstalt yekutengesa inofanirwa kuendesa kuongororwa kwakaongororwa kwemari kuna Liechtenstein mutariri wemutero.
• Anstalt isiri yekutengesa haifanirwe kuendesa maakaundi kune mutariri weLiechtenstein mutero; chirevo chebhangi chekuti rekodhi yemidziyo yaro inowanikwa inokwana.
• A Stiftung haidi kuendesa maakaundi kuna Liechtenstein mutariri mutero; chirevo chebhangi chekuti rekodhi yemidziyo yaro inowanikwa inokwana.

Akanyoreswa Hofisi Uye Yemunharaunda Mumiriri:

Kunze kwekuti zvinyorwa zvesangano reLiechtenstein AG neAnstalt zvisingapi zvakasiyana, hofisi yakanyoreswa yekambani iri panzvimbo iri pakati pebasa rayo rekutonga, zvichiteerana nemirau pahofisi yakanyoreswa maererano nehukama hwepasi rose.

Zvibvumirano zveMitero zvakapetwa.

Liechtenstein ine chibvumirano chimwe chete chemitero, neAustria.

Kubhadhara, Kambani inodzoka yakatarwa Zuva:

Iyo yekudzorera mutero inofanirwa kumisikidzwa naJune 30 inosanganisira, yegore rinotevera gore remutero. Kuwedzeredzwa kubva kuzviremera zvemitero zvinogoneka pakukumbira. Masangano achagamuchira mutero wepamutemo mutero muna Nyamavhuvhu, uyo unofanirwa kubhadharwa naGunyana 30 wegore iro.

Chirango:

Kana mubatanidzwa ukasabhadhara mutero nenguva, mubereko unozobhadharwa kubva panguva yaibhadharwa kubhadhara. Mari yemubereko yakatarwa nehurumende mumutemo wemutero ndeye 4 muzana. Bhiri remutero izita repamutemo rekuurayiwa, zvinoreva kuti zvichitevera chiyeuchidzo, zviremera zvinogona kutora kuuraya muzvinhu zvechisimba.